Functional assessment is a research area in psychology that focuses on understanding the factors that influence an individual's behavior in order to identify and address problem behaviors. This approach involves conducting systematic observations and assessments to determine the function or purpose of a behavior, such as attention-seeking, escape or avoidance, access to a desired item or activity, or sensory stimulation. By understanding the underlying reasons for problem behaviors, psychologists and behavior analysts can develop effective behavior intervention plans that target the specific function of the behavior. This approach is commonly used in clinical settings, schools, and other environments where behavior management is important. Functional assessment is a foundational principle in applied behavior analysis and is essential for developing individualized and evidence-based interventions for behavior change.